Middle Ages Review Notes

• 1066 - Normans invade England in the Battle of Hastings
• 1086 the doomsday book was written
• 1087 to 1100 is the rule of William Rufus
• He invades Wales and builds lot of castles all along the borders
• In 1100 Henry, Rufus's brother, becomes king
• From 1135 to 1154 King Stephen was king. He is the nephew of Henry the first
• Pope Urban the second supports and persuades the crusades to happen
• In 1118 the Knights Templar founded
• 1147 - Second Crusade
• 1154-1189 - The reign of King Henry the second grandson to King Henry the first
• The Kremlin is built in Russia
• 1184 - The Inquisition begins. The Jews and Heretics were tortured till they admitted they were Heretics and then were killed
• 1189-1199 - Richard the Lion Hearted became King. He never got back to England.
• 1190 - the third Crusade begins. Saladine recaptures Jerusalem and kick out the Europeans
• 1199-1216 - The reign of King John. In 1200 he starts the fourth crusade. This winds up in the SACK of Constantinople
• 1212 - The child's crusade
• 1214 - people revolt
• 1215- the signing of the Magna Carta
• The King came under the power of the law when this was signed
• This is the beginning of Democracy. The king had to play by the same rules as everyone else.
• 1216-1272 - the reign of King Henry the third. He established a new form of government
• There became distrust of the Kings.
• 1272-1307 - The reign of King Edward the first
• 1273 - Rudolph the first of Germany is elected the Holy Roman Empire
• 1274 - Thomas Aquinas publishes the book Summa Theologiae
• 1295 - Marco Polo publishes his tales of China
• 1297 - William Wallace emerges as the leader of the Scottish resistance
• 1307-1327 - the reign of King Edward the second
• The knights Templar were gathered up and murdered with the backing up of the Pope
• 1311-1315 - Europe gets hit with a great famine and the crops die
• 1327-1377 - The reign of King Edward the third
• The Hundred Years' War starts now
• Italy remains city-states after this war
• The Pope rises up in Italy
• Three parts of the Hundred Years' war
• The Edwardian War 1337-1360
• The Caroline War 1369-1389
• The Lancastrian War 1415-1429
• 1346 - The battle of Crecy
• 1347 - The Black Death breaks out
• 1356 - Battle of Poitiers
• 1377-1399 - reign of King Richard the second
• 1380 - Chaucer begins to write The Canterbury Tales
• 1381 - Peasants revolt in England
• 1382 - The Bible is translated into English by John Wycliffe
• 1399-1413 - reign of King Henry the Fourth
• 1413-1422 - reign of King Henry the fifth
• Henry the fifth defeat the French at the battle of Agincourt
• Joan or Arc lifts the siege of Orleans
• 1434 - The Medici family rises to prominence in Florence